The musical culture made its first steps on the territory of Uzbekistan in the antique period, when it was associated with the hunting of primitive tribes. Since those ancient times, music has gone through an exciting path of development and has become the most important sphere of the cultic, religious and cultural life of the region. The volume Musical Legacy of Uzbekistan in the Collections of the Russian Federation presents unique examples of fine art – terracotta, sculpture, artistic metal, book miniatures – related to musical themes, as well as collections of musical instruments, documentary materials and photographs reflecting the development of musical culture in Uzbekistan from antiquity to the present day. Most of the presented artifacts are highly valuable and constitute the "golden treasure" of Russian museums and research and culture institutions. The book is based on a description of the collection of musical instruments from the collection of the ethnographer A. F. Eichhorn, which is kept in the All-Russian Museum Association of Musical Culture named after M. I. Glinka in Moscow.